Growth in the number of self-employed, economic surplus, but industrial decline

In 2022, the number of officially registered “self-employed” citizens in Russia increased: in January - about 4 million, by June - reached ~5 million. At the end of the year, despite sanctions and international isolation, the Russian economy showed a surplus of about $227 billion, thanks in part to high revenues from oil and gas exports. However, industrial production decreased in December 2022 - a drop of 4.3%. In addition, the conscription and mobilization (as well as emigration) of hundreds of thousands of people led to a labor shortage, especially in the industrial and rural sectors. The combination of sanctions, losses at the front and reorientation of exports significantly affected the economic structure of the country.